Improvement in plows



R JOHNSON.

Plow Moldboard.

Patented Apr. 29. 1862.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROSS JOHNSON, OF FREDERICK, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEM ENT IN PLOWS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROSS JOHNSON, of Frederick, in the county of Frederick and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Plows and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompan yin g drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, like letters indicating the same parts in the drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plow; Fig. 2, a side view; Fig.3, an inverted plan, and Fig. i a detached plan view of the plow-point and rotary cutter.

My invention relates to that class of plows which has for its object the relieving of the mold-board from the powerful impact of the sod in the act of plowing, thus lightening the draft, thefurnishingof a secure and proper bearing for the rotary cutter on the mold-board side of the plow and at the nearest practicable poiutlto the draft, and in so utilizing a steady-roller in the rear of the implement and between its moldboard and landside that, while it relieves friction upon the bottom of the furrow, gives steadiness of action to the plow, and in a measure spreads the earth on the face of the furrow,will also form channels or small drains for the running off of surplus water after heavy rains.

In thedrawings, alandside, a, and mold-board b aresecured together in any proper manner, and to the plow-handles and plow-beam, and in the relation to each other as designated by the figures, a rotary eolter, 0, being interposed between the mold-board and landside, as represented, and in such relation to the intended working depth of the plow that its uppermost cutting-edge shall always project above the surface of the furrow-slice.

In casting the mold-board oblong openings, as at cl d al are provided for the insertion of friction -rollers e e and a turning-roller, c and which rollers are so situated, secured to, and disposed in the mold-board as to be in the exact central line of the width of the furrow-slice as it rises up against the mold-board in the act of plowing, and so that the working'face of the rollers e and 6 shall present a flush con' tact with the bottom of the furrow-slice in the canted position in which it risesupon'and falls away from the mold-board, thus securing the uniform and proper lay of the furrow slice at the side of the plow. The impact of the furrow-slice for the most part falls upon the rollers e and e in the act of plowing, the turning roller 6 coming into action at atiine when a partial turn has been given to the slice by the rollers e and e. The turning-roller is therefore made of at least one-half greater diameter than the friction-rollers, so as to complete the reversal of the sod or furrowslice as it leaves the mold-board.

In order to secure uniform action in the rollers and provide against a liability to clog up, they are all made of a single connected piece of material, as shown.

In Fig. 4t of the drawings I have shown a plow-point, F, with a slade, f, extending back to the bottom rearmost point of the landside a, when united thereto as shown in Fig. 2. This plow-point is constructed also with a broad recessed face, 9, of sufiicient depth at its forward portion to take in the thickness of a rotary cutter, h, secured between a portion of the plowpoint and the forward edge of the mold-board, the rotary cutter It being held in place by a pin, 2', passing through the plow-point and into the edge of the mold-board.

It will thus be seen thatl have provided the means for cutting the sod from the subsoil at the nearest practicable point to the draft applied to the plow, and that the broad lateral recessed extension of the plow-point furnishes a secure bearing for the subsoil-cutter to work in, and, further, that while the breadth of the plowpoint, as stated, furnishes a proper security for the cutter, its breadth of working-face also gives steadiness of action to the plow.

Between the mold-board and landside, and

near their lower rear extremities, I attach a steady-roller, G, the axis of said roller having a bearing in the mold board and landside, as at 2 in Figs. 1 and 2. The working-face of the roller is made up of three sections or divisions, L L L, having beveled sides, as at p, and circumferential treading-faces, as at t. This roller affords a bearing for the plow in the track of the furrow, and thus steadies it to its work. Being divided, as shown at L L L, the action of its several divisions is to part the subsoil,

and at the same time form small drains or channels, as at r, Fig. 5, in the bottom of the furrows, which, being covered by a furrowslice of sod, secures properly covered channels or blind drains for carrying off surplus water after a heavy rain.

As shown in the drawings, 1 also provided the landside with a vertical friction-roller, the purpose of Which-is obvious. I

Having thus described my said improved plow, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1s-

1. A solid or unbroken faced mold-board having a friction-roller, e, or rollers e and e of continuous unbrokenworking-face, and so serow-slice as it rises upon, passes over, and falls away from the mold-board, in the manner and for the purpose specified.

and cutter h, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand and seal in the matter of my application for a patent for improvement in plows this 6th day of March, A. D. -1862.

ROSS JOHNSON. [L. s.]

Witnesses: p V

GU'sTAVUs DIETERICH, EDWIN S. JACOB. 

